David's+Group+-+World+of+the+Play

=WORLD OF THE PLAY - LONDON 1912= //DAVID JEN STYLEZ CHARLOTTE ERIN HANNAH JOHN MASAYA SAMILIA// Hey guys :) just stick your name next to your lil heading and put all your research underneath once you've done it :) 1912 clothing Women’s Clothing in 1912 Men’s clothing in 1912

The men wore suits and bow ties.
Clothing in 1910-1919 Men: Men's trousers were worn cuffed to ankle-length and creased Women:  women wore Skirts rose from floor length to well above the ankle How dose clothing represent class systems? Silk [|top hats] remained a requirement for upper class formal wear; soft felt [|Homburgs] or stiff [|bowler hats] were worn with lounge or sack suits.

Food = Drama Research Pygmalion Masaya (various websites) Food in 1912, London

=1 What kind of food was popular for lower class people?= A plate of potatoes Malnutrition was common among poor children

=2 What kind of food was popular for upper class people?= White bread, big buffets Here’re some examples of what upper class people ate back then. This is some of dinner menu of first class of Titanic Filet Mignons Lili Saute of Chicken, Lyonnaise Waldorf Pudding Salmon Mousseline Sauce, Cucumber Lamb Mint Sauce

=3 How are they different from food we now have?= Today’s supermarket was considered luxurious even for rich families back then. Canned fruits and vegetables were becoming common but you could only get the fresh stuff in season unless you live in a city where stuffs were brought by rail. Macaroni and cheese was used even then They did have similar food to them we now have Prices of meat were generally cheaper than now. Some of them were far cheaper like veal, but most of others were a bit cheaper.
 * Meat Prices ||  **__ 1900 __**  ||  **__ 1999 __**  ||
 * Spring Chicken ||  7｢ lb.  ||  99｢ lb.  ||
 * Beef ||  10｢ lb.  ||  $4.49 lb.  ||
 * Sausage ||  12.5｢ lb.  ||  $2.32 lb.  ||
 * Hens ||  7｢ lb.  ||  99｢ lb.  ||
 * Pork ||  10｢ lb.  ||  89｢ lb.  ||
 * Turkey ||  10｢ lb.  ||  $3.99 lb.  ||
 * Veal ||  10｢ lb.  ||  $10.99 lb.  ||
 * Bacon ||  12.5｢ lb.  ||  $2.69 lb  ||

=Other key facts= A working class family spent about 60% of their income on food Oreo cookies have become the most popular commercial cookie product in the US

= Religion (by Erin)﻿ = __//What religions/types of churches were present in 1912?//__ Catholic churches Catholics not in communion with Rome Eastern orthodox churches Oriental orthodoxy Protestant churches//﻿// //﻿// __//Who was the ruler (king or queen) of the time?//__
 * George V** (3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom & British Dominions as well as the Emperor of India. He rules from 6 May 1910, through thr First World War (1914-1918) until his death in 1936.

__//What religion were they and how did their view on religion effect others?//__ King George V was Christian (Church of England). This means he was catholic. Definition of Catholic: However, the problems at the time were more political than religious, and caused World War I. David is researching politics :) = = =Politics= // What government was in power? // [|King George V] was the monarch, and there was a liberal government with Herbert Henry Asquith in office as prime minister.

// What was happening politically in Great Britain? // The democratically elected House of Commons gains more power over the House of Lords due to the Parliament Act 1911 which allows legislation to be passed more easily. Marconi scandal – Several cabinet ministers are accused of corruption in regards to share purchasing in the Marconi company. This was the first time many of the British public had ever questioned the honesty of their parliamentary leaders.

// What was happening politically in the rest of the world? // Rising political tension in Europe between the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and the Balkan states resulting in the First Balkan War and shortly afterward the Second Balkan War.

Social/status

=Education=
 * 1912 - || || Montessori Schools ||
 * Maria Montessori creates the Montessori method for teaching disadvantaged children reading and self care -- additionally, she is the first woman graduate of Rome University Medical School in Italy. (this inspires a Massachusetts innovation in 1916) || ||

Across Europe and the USA systems of publicly financed elementary schools had been rapidly developed in the second half of 19th century, providing educated personnel for the new industries. Now, at the turn of the century, the USA was beginning to open common secondary high schools as well, and many European schools were giving priority to engineering and science, subjects 'conspicuously downgraded in England's classical model of education, the one preferred by gentlemen' (Benn and Chitty 1996:4). So the development of a national public system of education in England and Wales was lagging behind much of Europe and the USA 'by a good half a century' (Green 1990:6 quoted in Benn and Chitty 1996:4), and it was against this background that the newly-elected Conservative government of Arthur Balfour presented its 1902 education bill to the Commons. Balfour (//pictured//) warned the House that 'England is behind all continental rivals in education' (quoted in Benn and Chitty 1996:3). Despite this, the bill caused dissent among both Conservative and Liberal politicians, who feared that the cost of popular education would lose them the support of the large landowners and industrialists who were the major taxpayers. Most, however, accepted the argument that, with mass education developing fast elsewhere, Britain needed an educated workforce if it was to maintain its position in world trade. So Balfour got his bill.

1902 Education Bill - In 1902 the [|Conservative] government introduced a new Education Act that abolished all 2568 school boards and handed over their duties to local borough or county councils. These new Local Education Authorities (LEAs) were given powers to establish new secondary and technical schools as well as developing the existing system of elementary schools.

Jobs
 * 1) What were the common jobs in 1920?

According to my Grandmother who was twenty at the time, in a previous conversation during her life, she said that women were nurses, bookkeepers, cashiers, store clerks, teachers, librarians, etc. Many of my Great Aunts went to college to become dieticians in hospitals, administrators of schools and orphanages, teachers and religious sisters, and one was an aide in the army (who married someone working as an engineer on the Panama Canal ). Some of them were models, but it was of fashionable clothing in a store like Gimbels. My Grandmother was a bookkeeper but quit to marry my Grandfather which you were expected to do in those days. Later she did work from her home, to do books, correspond with letters or some sewing. Women did many handcrafts to bring in money like quilting and also did washing and other chorework. My other grandmother sold Italian food from her kitchen.The men of course did all sorts of things. My Grandfather worked on airplane engines in WWI. My Great Uncle was a priest, but we had in our family and friends of the time: lawyer, accountant (estimator), tool and die maker (and an inventor with patents), coal miners, and on my husband's side there was a fire chief and a business owner who delivered coal and ice, still in a horse drawn wagon. There were of course policemen and railroad workers, but none in our family. My Grandfather sold cars for awhile, a very beautiful model I saw a picture of, maybe a Packard. My great grandfather was a poet who was published in the newspapers of the times. I have one of his poems hanging on my wall. (I heard one time there might even be an actor somewhere in the family. Movie-making started during that time. Also, there were jobs in radio.) I'd like to mention that asking your relatives to tell you stories about the past is a great way to find out about history, the family, and yourself

During that time period, we had many more people (both men and women ) who working in farming. There were still share croppers and tenant farmers. There were a lot of small family farms .Other occupations included secretaries, clerks, seamstresses, factory workers, miners, shopkeepers, carpenter, mechanic, barbers, military, and teachers. There were librarians and maids. There were doctors, lawyers, nurses and clergy. There were cooks, waitresses, and bankers. There were loggers and lumber yards. There were police officers and politicians.

2.How much did you get paid? The average annual salary was $1236**; **Teacher's salary $970

3. How long did you have work?

Roots of the Great Depression in 1920s/ 30 hours solution to the Great Depression

(google search) <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">John Liang

Key Events

** Physical world (by Jen) ** At the beginning of the 1900's horse drawn trams were gotten rid off. Instead they used trackless trams which looked like this...
 * TRANSPORT**

Cars looked like this ...



Tube trains was orginally built as trailers with electric locomation. But in 1903 the locomotives were removed because it was too noisy and vibrated the train too much. So they added motor cars at either end of the train. The first underground trains in England looked like this...

In 1900 about 90% of the population rented their home . === Houses of working class people had two downstairs rooms; the front room and the back room (how original right?). The front room was all neat and tidy and kids werent allowed in it (so like a formal sitting room). The family would keep their best furniture and ornaments in this room. The back room was the kitchen and stuff and the family would spend most of their time there. As living standards rose, it was possible for people to afford to furnish all rooms properly instead of just the front room. ===
 * BUILDING & ARCHITECTURE**

Ordinary furniture improved in quality and design in the early 1900's and throughout.

A range, which is a coal-fired stove oven is what most households used to cook food and heat the room. As gas cookers became more common, families would spend more time in the front room where the fire was, since gas cookers didnt heat the room. Only the higher class could afford to have electric lighting so everyone else used gas for that too. Hardly anyone households or businesses had telephones even though they were a 19th century invention. In May 1912, Britains first automatic telepphone exchange opened. It only had a capacity for 500 lines but it was the first time people could dial numbers and make their own calls. Businesses were using calculating machines in their offices and they started to have intercoms, which consisted of a master station and several substations. These machines meant office supervisors could speak to any assistant or set up a conference call.
 * TECHNOLOGY & MACHINES**

1901: 'Brownie' Camera (smaller and more conveniant). 1901:Engine-powered vacuum cleaner 1903 : Lightweight Electric Iron 1909: Electric Toaster 1912: Electrical Fire
 * SOME OF THE TECHNOLOGY INVENTED AROUND THE TIME...**

The higher class were the only ones to afford vaccum cleaners and washing machines.